Bluebook is a style of referencing which is the most used legal citation system in the united states, used at the majority of us law schools. Chicago manual of style 16th edition full note american psychological association 6th edition. This page reflects the latest version of the apa publication manual i. The bluebook, is the definitive style guide for legal citation in the united states. Citing other resources bluebook guide guides at georgetown. Bluebook citation is the most commonly used legal citation system for law students in the us. The bluebooks abbreviation for constitutionsection or subdivision. Apa format and abbreviations in citations pen and the pad. For generations, law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation. The bluebook contains rules that prescribe how to cite a variety of legal documents. This abbreviation is usually found in hospitals, medical offices and journals. For example, if you need to cite a legal record, the bluebook case citation generator takes the information you have on the legal record name of the document, abbreviated according to bluepages abbreviation table, page number where the fact you need is in the document, date of the document and turns it into the correct format for your paper. To cite properly, apply the essential rules to the examples given below. In case of citing a book that has been edited, write ed.
However, do not cite by paragraph if the authority is ordinarily cited by page. The bluebook still requires the use and citation of printed sources where available see r. Intext citation apa quick citation guide library guides. Bluebook citation to format legal documents and cases. There are too many rules for this introductory guide to cover. The equivalent resource for the older apa 6 style can be found here.
The following citation resources may be informative. Consult the blue pages, rule b12, if you are writing a brief or memo. How to cite constitutions, statutes, and similar materials. Apa citations are used at the sentence and paragraph level of an apa formatted document to provide readers with information about the date, author and page number of a referenced citation. Search for abbreviation meaning, word to abbreviate, or lists of abbreviations. There are many permutations of citing to a book or treatise. Times new roman font alongside with oneinch margins. For every intext citation in your paper, there must be a corresponding entry in your reference list. Pinpoint cite to paragraph number, used in lieu of page numbers. For more information about book citations, see pages 202203 of the apa manual, 6th ed. When citing the constitution of a governmental entity, use the abbreviated title of the. The following information regarding the bluebook citation format is an adapted version of the style and formatting guidelines found in the bluebook, 20th ed. Give the name of the regulation only if the rule or regulation is commonly cited that way or if the information would otherwise aid in.
When citing more than one paragraph, two paragraph symbols are used, e. If both, then first write editors name and then translators name. Blue book citation for depositions top law schools. For example, here is how you would cite the provision of the u. Per the bluebook and alwd guide to legal citation when citing michigan. Jan 09, 2018 statute citations have a volume, the name of the cited code, a section, and a date. A bluebook citation generator is a simple way to save your time and format your references correctly. Apr 24, 2020 intext citations generally require you to provide author, date, and location i. The bluebook style guide is used in the american legal profession for citation of all relevant sources.
Deciding court, jurisdiction date of decision united states v. The name consists of the abbreviation of the jurisdictione. Now in its 7th edition, the manual puts forth a set of clear reference and citation guidelines that are used by writers, researchers, students, and educators all over the globe. Constitution and state constitutions a citation to a constitution includes three elements. Despite their differences, the apa and mla citation systems have the same overall function in a research papersources are acknowledged via intext citations, each of which corresponds to an entry in an alphabetical list of works at the end of the paper, referred to as works cited in mla style and references in apa style. Citing legal materials in apa style university library. The recommendations below are based on the tenth edition of the bluebook. Guide to cite using bluebook citation method with examples. Dates are especially important in the apa citation style because recent scientific research findings are often more useful than older scientific research. Directions on comma use always apply, whether you are abbreviating or not. For a complete list of how to cite print sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the apa publication manual. For materials not covered in the publication manual, the apa refers users to the bluebook.
Included is information about referencing, various citation formats with examples for each source type, and other helpful information. Statute citations have a volume, the name of the cited code, a section, and a date. If you do not see an example that matches your source type, consult one of the additional resources for your style. How to cite a complaint according to bluebook pen and. The bluebook does not explicitly indicate what the numbers refer to. Bluebook citation for legal materials purdue writing lab. Such higher educational institutions specialized in studying law at cornell. How to cite a complaint according to bluebook pen and the pad. The apa style of referencing, which i have most frequently used, requires that p. Scan your paper for grammar mistakes and catch unintentional plagiarism. Bluebook rule 10 covers how cases should be cited in legal documents. Follow these basic guidelines for handling subsequent citations. Apa intext citation style uses the authors last name and the. Apa citation style doesnt have a separate category for government publications.
A comprehensive guide to apa citations and format overview of this guide. Case name abbreviations table 6 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z. Apr 23, 2020 include an intext citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source. When abbreviating names of the states, use the bluebook, table 10. I love when people say with all due respect before they put their foot in their mouth. For a citation directly to a footnote, give the page number on which the note begins, the abbreviation. Jul 25, 2019 abbreviate who when you mention it again. The congressional record is issued in two editions the daily edition and the permanent edition. If one page number is being referred to, use the abbreviation p.
The bluebook style guide is used in the american legal profession for citation of all. As a student, researcher or both, you must build upon your own credibility by giving credit to those people who have contributed to your efforts or helped shape your ideas. One of the keys to citing statutes properly is knowing where to find the proper legal citation abbreviations. Any punctuation within the citation, speeches and publications, titles of articles, case names, explanatory phrases, latin legal phrases, and introductory signals have to be underlined or italicized.
The congressional record is issued in two editions. Apa intext citation style uses the authors last name and the year of publication, for example. A b c d e f gh i jk l m n o p qr s t u vwxyz show all. Never use the two character postal abbreviations for states. Once youve told the reader youll use the abbreviation who by adding it after the name, you must use it in later citations. Apa format is based on the associations publication manual of the american psychological association. This page provides you with an overview of apa format, 7th edition. How to cite us government documents in apa citation style. Subsequent referencescitations do not always require all of this information. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations. Pages, paragraphs, and pincites bluebook legal citation. Be sure to consult the bluebook for specifics in general, cite to the volume number, authors, title in italics, section number andor page number andor paragraph number when pinpoint citing, editors andor translators if listed, and year.
Intext citations generally require you to provide author, date, and location i. Although it is an uncommon practice, sometimes sic is used to indicate ironic use of a word. When an issuing court abbreviation is needed, for state courts use the state abbreviation bluebook table 10 and the court name listed in the bluebook table 7. Bluebook format is a uniform system of citation, commonly used in the legal documents or argumentative essays in law. Commercial databases should be cited in preference to other, general internet resources. According to the legal studies program, you should use 12 pt. A logical question to ask is, what is blue book format. Include an intext citation when you refer to, summarize, paraphrase, or quote from another source. It is also common to see such abbreviations in headlines, newspaper titles, or in medical and scientific journals where space is a concern. See rule 3 for further guidance in using these abbreviations.
Constitution that says that each state shall have two senators. Apa is short for the american psychological association. However, the following are rules and examples for other types of legal documents that many firstyear law students may need to cite in addition to cases and statutes. Pages, paragraphs, and pincites bluebook legal citation tarlton. Im trying to cite to a deposition in my legal writing paper. By alexis carlson how to cite in the text of your paper using apa style format. I have not encountered pg to be used, but i do use it in informal note taking.
Find out what is the most common shorthand of paragraph on. Citing case law sample bluebook citations libguides at. This page provides bluebook a uniform system of citation, 19th ed. Use the bluebook citation tool, save your time and perform your perfect law paper with papersowl.
For more than two authors, editors or translators write the name of the author, editor. History of bluebook the development of the bluebook from its inception in 1926 as a twentysixpage pamphlet. The webs largest and most authoritative acronyms and abbreviations resource. Bluebook is a citation style guide used for legal citations. American psychological association rules for formatting papers, intext citations, and end references. What is the abbreviation of the word paragraph answers. If you are writing a brief or memo, look at the blue pages, rule b10 or apply the citation rules of the jurisdiction. Additionally, the chicago manual of style recommends its use for all citation of legal material. For a complete list of how to cite print sources, please refer to the 7 th edition of the apa. Subdivisions table 16 the following list provides abbreviations for names of document subdivisions frequently used in legal citations. Can anyone confirm that the example provided means. To cite a complaint, you need to understand what it is. It is also common to see such abbreviations in headlines, newspaper titles, or in. Examples based on the sixth edition of the publication manual from the apa.